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| Brantley,Richard K.; Williams,K. Robert; Silva,Terezinha M.J.; Sistrom,Maria; Thielman,Nathan M.; Ward,Honorine; Lima,Aldo A. M.; Guerrant,Richard L.. |
| Advanced HIV infection is frequently complicated by diarrhea, disruption of bowel structure and function, and malnutrition. Resulting malabsorption of or pharmacokinetic changes in antiretroviral agents might lead to subtherapeutic drug dosing and treatment failure in individual patients, and could require dose adjustment and/or dietary supplements during periods of diarrheal illness. We determined the plasma levels of antiretroviral medications in patients that had already been started on medication by their physicians in an urban infectious diseases hospital in northeast Brazil. We also obtained blood samples from patients hospitalized for diarrhea or AIDS-associated wasting, and we found reduced stavudine and didanosine levels in comparison with... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: HIV; Malabsorption; DdI; D4T; Pharmacokinetics. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000100003 |
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| Castro,Melânia X.; Soares,Alberto M.; Fonsêca,Walter; Rey,Luís C.; Guerrant,Richard L.; Lima,Aldo A. M.. |
| BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infection (ARI), diarrheal disease (DD) and infective dermatitis (ID) are important causes of morbidity in children under five, in Northeast Brazil. Objectives: (a) to evaluate the morbidity of ARI, DD and ID; and (b) to determine their association with cellular immunity in poor urban children from Fortaleza, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study. At enrollment, multipuncture skin-tests (Multitest CMI) were performed and interpreted according to standard procedures. Children were followed for infectious diseases by weekly home visits. RESULTS: Seventy-one children aged 6 to 21 months were recruited in an ongoing cohort of newborns. A mean of 39 (6 to 63) home visits per child were made, which detected 184.5... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Diarrhea; Acute respiratory infection; Cellular immunity; Skin test; Child. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000600006 |
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| Pinheiro,Valéria G. F.; Ramos,Lysiane M. A.; Monteiro,Helena S. A.; Barroso,Elizabeth C.; Bushen,Oluma Y.; Façanha,Mônica C.; Peloquin,Charles A.; Guerrant,Richard L.; Lima,Aldo A. M.. |
| Low antimycobacterial drug concentrations have been observed in tuberculosis (TB) patients under treatment. The lactulose/mannitol urinary excretion test (L/M), normally used to measure intestinal permeability, may be useful to assess drug absorption. The objective of this research was to study intestinal absorptive function and bioavailability of rifampin and isoniazid in TB patients. A cross sectional study was done with 41 patients and 28 healthy controls, using the L/M test. The bioavailabilities of rifampin (R) and isoniazid (H) were evaluated in 18 patients receiving full doses. Urinary excretion of mannitol and lactulose, measured by HPLC, was significantly lower in TB patients. The serum concentrations of the drugs were below the expected range for... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Pulmonary tuberculosis; Intestinal permeability; Rifampin and isoniazid intestinal malabsorption; M. tuberculosis resistance. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000600003 |
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